At the 2016 International Client Seminar sponsored by ALFA International in Palm Desert, California, this March, T. Thomas Singer of Axilon Law Group, PLLC, in Billings is spear-heading the opening plenary session, which is called “What the Heck Happened? The Eyes Don’t Have It!” Singer will review the scientific research documenting the fallibility of human memory. That research has been cited by courts when exonerating people who had been convicted of crimes based on eyewitness testimony. Based on the memory research, Singer suggests courts should also be skeptical of eyewitness testimony when it is offered in civil cases to prove claims such as discrimination, product liability, and infliction of emotional distress, or defenses such as misrepresentation or assumption of risk.